The National Building Code (NBC) of India defines a building as any structure for whatsoever
purpose and of whatsoever material constructed and every part thereof whether used as human habitat
or not. Tents, shamianas, tarpaulin shelters, etc., erected for temporary and ceremonial occasions are
not to be considered as buildings.
A. Classifications as per NBC of India
1. Group A : Residential
2. Group B : Educational
3. Group C : Institutional
4. Group D : Assembly
5. Group E : Business
6. Group F : Mercantine
7. Group G : Industrial
8. Group H : Storage
9. Group I : Hazardous
1. Residential buildings are subdivided as
A–1 : Lodging or rooming houses.
A–2 : One or two family private dwellings.
A–3 : Dormitories.
A–4 : Apartment houses
A–5 : Hotels
2. Educational Buildings
B–1 : Schools upto senior secondary level with not less than 20 students.
B–2 : All other training institutions upto 100 students.
3. Institutional Buildings
C–1 : Hospitals and sanatoria
C–2 : Custodian institutions
C–3 : Penal and mental institutions
4. Assembly Buildings
D–1 : Buildings with theatrical stage and fixed chairs for over 1000 persons.
D–2 : Buildings having a theatrical stage and fixed seats for less than 1000 persons.
D–3 : Buildings without a stage and having accommodation for 300 or more persons but without
permanent seating arrangements.
D–4 : Buildings without a stage, having accommodation for less than 300 persons.
D–5 : All other buildings designed for assembly of people not covered by D–1 to D–4, e.g., grand
stands, stadia, circus tents, amusement park structures
5. Business Buildings
The building that is used as shop, store, market for display and sale.
6. Mercantile Buildings
F–1 : Shops, stores, markets with area upto 500 m2.
F–2 : Underground shopping centres, departmental stores with area more than 500 m2.
7. Industrial Buildings
G–1 : Buildings used for low hazard industries.
G–2 : Buildings used for moderate hazard industries.
G–3 : Buildings used for high-hazard industries.
8. Storage Buildings
Buildings used for storing materials and animals such as warehouses, cold storages, freight depots,
garages, hangars and stables.
9. Hazardous Buildings
These are the buildings used for storage, handling, manufacturing or processing of highly
combustible or explosive materials. Buildings used for storage of LPG, rocket propellers,
ammunition, explosives and fireworks fall under this category.
B. Classification based on the method of load transfer According to this buildings may be
classified as load bearing structures and framed structures. Load bearing structures are suitable for
one- or two-storey residential buildings only.
C. Classification According to materials Structures may be classified as wooden structures, R.C.C.
structures, steel structures, etc.
D. Classification according to fire resistance NBC of India classifies buildings as Type 1 to Type 4
on the basis of fire resistance.
purpose and of whatsoever material constructed and every part thereof whether used as human habitat
or not. Tents, shamianas, tarpaulin shelters, etc., erected for temporary and ceremonial occasions are
not to be considered as buildings.
A. Classifications as per NBC of India
1. Group A : Residential
2. Group B : Educational
3. Group C : Institutional
4. Group D : Assembly
5. Group E : Business
6. Group F : Mercantine
7. Group G : Industrial
8. Group H : Storage
9. Group I : Hazardous
1. Residential buildings are subdivided as
A–1 : Lodging or rooming houses.
A–2 : One or two family private dwellings.
A–3 : Dormitories.
A–4 : Apartment houses
A–5 : Hotels
2. Educational Buildings
B–1 : Schools upto senior secondary level with not less than 20 students.
B–2 : All other training institutions upto 100 students.
3. Institutional Buildings
C–1 : Hospitals and sanatoria
C–2 : Custodian institutions
C–3 : Penal and mental institutions
4. Assembly Buildings
D–1 : Buildings with theatrical stage and fixed chairs for over 1000 persons.
D–2 : Buildings having a theatrical stage and fixed seats for less than 1000 persons.
D–3 : Buildings without a stage and having accommodation for 300 or more persons but without
permanent seating arrangements.
D–4 : Buildings without a stage, having accommodation for less than 300 persons.
D–5 : All other buildings designed for assembly of people not covered by D–1 to D–4, e.g., grand
stands, stadia, circus tents, amusement park structures
5. Business Buildings
The building that is used as shop, store, market for display and sale.
6. Mercantile Buildings
F–1 : Shops, stores, markets with area upto 500 m2.
F–2 : Underground shopping centres, departmental stores with area more than 500 m2.
7. Industrial Buildings
G–1 : Buildings used for low hazard industries.
G–2 : Buildings used for moderate hazard industries.
G–3 : Buildings used for high-hazard industries.
8. Storage Buildings
Buildings used for storing materials and animals such as warehouses, cold storages, freight depots,
garages, hangars and stables.
9. Hazardous Buildings
These are the buildings used for storage, handling, manufacturing or processing of highly
combustible or explosive materials. Buildings used for storage of LPG, rocket propellers,
ammunition, explosives and fireworks fall under this category.
B. Classification based on the method of load transfer According to this buildings may be
classified as load bearing structures and framed structures. Load bearing structures are suitable for
one- or two-storey residential buildings only.
C. Classification According to materials Structures may be classified as wooden structures, R.C.C.
structures, steel structures, etc.
D. Classification according to fire resistance NBC of India classifies buildings as Type 1 to Type 4
on the basis of fire resistance.
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